{"id":800,"date":"2017-02-20T02:00:13","date_gmt":"2017-02-20T00:00:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/blog\/?p=800"},"modified":"2021-01-09T23:17:18","modified_gmt":"2021-01-09T20:17:18","slug":"tutkal-ve-yapistiricilar-ozellikleri-ve-yapistirma-ipuclari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/tutkal-ve-yapistiricilar-ozellikleri-ve-yapistirma-ipuclari\/","title":{"rendered":"Tutkal ve Yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar: \u00d6zellikleri ve Yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Bu yaz\u0131da bildi\u011fim kadar\u0131 ile ah\u015fap i\u015flerinde kullan\u0131lan \u00e7e\u015fitli yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar ve \u00f6zelliklerinden bahsedece\u011fim. \u00c7alg\u0131 yap\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan en yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan tutkal kemik\/deri (ya da hayvansal) tutkal, bizde beyaz tutkal olarak bilinen PVA ve \u00f6zellikle gitar yap\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131k\u00e7a kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 Titebond, yine bizde Japon diye bilinen siyanoakrilat yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131, ve epoksi.<\/p>\n<p>Tutkal meselesi yap\u0131mc\u0131lar aras\u0131nda tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Daha do\u011frusu herkesin bir inanc\u0131 vard\u0131r. T\u0131pk\u0131 gomalak cila meselesinde oldu\u011fu gibi bir \u00e7ok kimsenin kemik\/deri tutkala mucize atfetti\u011fini g\u00f6rd\u00fcm. Tutkallar\u0131n etkisini ger\u00e7ekten bilebilmek i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 enstr\u00fcman\u0131 farkl\u0131 tutkallarla yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p dinlemek gerekirdi ki m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. Ben \u00f6zellikle kapak ve sap yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken deri (veya bazen bal\u0131k) tutkal\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7mesem ve bunlar\u0131n son derece iyi oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsem de tutkal\u0131n nihai sesteki etkisinin ihmal edilebilir oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Abartmamakta fayda var yani! Ancak i\u015f tamir edilebilirli\u011fe geldi\u011finde kemik\/deri tutkal a\u00e7\u0131k ara kazan\u0131r. Mesela PVA tutkalla yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir ek darbe g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde genellikle ekten salmaz ve ah\u015fab\u0131n kendisi k\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Oysa deri\/kemik tutkal darbe kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda k\u0131r\u0131lgan oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in (genellikle) ekten salar. Bu da saz\u0131n tamir edilebilirli\u011fini kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. (Bu bilgiye bir ihtiyat pay\u0131 koymak laz\u0131m. Deri tutkal en az PVA kadar kuvvetlidir. Kurudu\u011funda neredeyse cam gibi kristal yap\u0131dad\u0131r. O y\u00fczden esnek de\u011fildir. Yaprak teknedeki gibi ince eklerde bu bak\u0131mdan ekten salma ihtimali vard\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca \u00f6zellikle kapak yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rken biraz daha suland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p yap\u0131\u015fma g\u00fcc\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrse kapa\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6kmek kolayla\u015f\u0131r.)<\/p>\n<p>\u015eimdi k\u0131saca \u00f6zelliklerini inceleyelim:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-802\" src=\"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/titebond-original-woodglue.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"288\" height=\"288\" \/><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>PVA tutkallar<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>Polivinil asetat. Almanya&#8217;da 1912 y\u0131l\u0131nda bulunmu\u015f. T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de marangoz tutkal\u0131 yahut beyaz tutkal olarak bilinir ve sat\u0131lanlar da hep beyaz renklidir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00d6zellikle ABD&#8217;deki Titebond, Elmer&#8217;s Glue, Carpenters Glue gibi markalar, sar\u0131 tutkal (yellow glue) olarak an\u0131l\u0131r ve sar\u0131ya \u00e7alan krem renklidir. Titebon, luthierlerin \u00e7ok kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir marka. Bunlar PVA&#8217;ya \u00e7ok yak\u0131n olsa da Aliphatic resin tutkallar olarak bilinir. Kimyasal olarak modifiye edildi\u011fi i\u00e7in daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve neme kar\u015f\u0131 daha dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r. Gitar yap\u0131m\u0131nda en yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan tutkald\u0131r. Son y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de de yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de <a href=\"http:\/\/www.akustikwood.com\">\u015furadan <\/a>temin edilebilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Termoplastik \u00f6zellik ta\u015f\u0131rlar. Yani s\u0131ca\u011fa maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yumu\u015far ve so\u011fudu\u011funda tekrar sertle\u015fir. Sertle\u015ftikten sonra z\u0131mparalanabilir. Kurumadan \u00f6nce nemli bir bez ile silinip temizlenebilir. Yahut on dakika kadar beklendikten sonra hafif\u00e7e kurudu\u011fu i\u00e7in ek \u00e7izgisinden ta\u015fan tutkal kabuk gibi \u00e7ekilip al\u0131nabilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Beyaz tutkal kolayca tamir edilebilir de\u011fildir. Yani s\u00f6kmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse de \u00e7ok kolay olmaz. Titebond bu y\u00f6nden avantajl\u0131d\u0131r yani \u0131s\u0131t\u0131larak s\u00f6k\u00fclebilir. Ancak bu tutkallar kendine yap\u0131\u015fmaz bu y\u00fczden ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131n yeniden yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in eski tutkal tamamen temizlenmelidir. Oysa deri\/kemik tutkal, eski tutkal\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zerek yap\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Mesela gitar kapaklar\u0131nda bazen balkon salabilir. PVA ile yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan balkonu tekrar yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rabilmek i\u00e7in aradaki eski tutkal temizlenmek zorundad\u0131r. Oysa deri\/kemik tutkal kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa i\u015f \u00e7ok daha kolayd\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Bu tutkallar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresi genellikle 5 dakikad\u0131r. Baz\u0131 \u00f6zel t\u00fcrlerinde (Mesela Titebond 3) daha uzun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresi vard\u0131r. Tutkal s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fckten sonra be\u015f dakika i\u00e7inde par\u00e7alar birle\u015ftirilmez ve tutkal kurumaya ba\u015flarsa yap\u0131\u015fma m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmaz. Yap\u0131lacak i\u015f uzun s\u00fcreye ihtiya\u00e7 g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi hallerde bu s\u00fcre \u00e7ok \u00f6nem kazan\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Bu tip tutkallar\u0131n, <em>creep effect<\/em> denilen bir eksisi vard\u0131r. S\u00fcrekli y\u00fck alt\u0131nda kald\u0131klar\u0131nda, zamanla kuvvet y\u00f6n\u00fcnde kayma meydana gelebilir. Mesela PVA ile yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir gitar e\u015fi\u011fi zaman i\u00e7inde \u00f6ne do\u011fru ilerleyebilir. Titebond bu y\u00f6nden daha \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ancak deri\/kemik tutkallarda y\u00fck alt\u0131nda kayma (creep) s\u0131f\u0131rd\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Darbe g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde ek salmaz ve ah\u015fap k\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Yani ah\u015fab\u0131n kendisinden daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcd\u00fcr. Yukar\u0131da yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131m gibi bu sa\u011flaml\u0131k olarak de\u011ferlendirilse de enstr\u00fcman tamirinde asl\u0131nda bir dezavantaj olabilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Bu tutkallar ba\u011flant\u0131 i\u00e7inde ince bir nevi plastik film tabaka olu\u015fturur. Elastiktir. Deri\/kemik tutkal ise kurudu\u011funda kristalle\u015fir. Neredeyse cam gibi k\u0131r\u0131lgand\u0131r. Bu sebeple de titre\u015fimleri iletmede \u00fcst\u00fcn bir nitelik ta\u015f\u0131r. Yani PVA, nihai etkisi tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r olsa da bildi\u011fim kadar\u0131 ile kemik\/deri tutkala g\u00f6re sesin iletiminde daha dezavantajl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>Japon yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar (Cyanoacrylate)<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-804\" src=\"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_154108a.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"424\" height=\"450\" \/><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>Siyanoakrilat (<em>cyanoacrylate<\/em>) ya da CA Glue, bizde Japon yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131. \u00a0Ba\u015fka \u00fclkelerde de \u00e7\u0131lg\u0131n yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 (crazy glue), s\u00fcper yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 gibi adlarla an\u0131l\u0131yor. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckken hat\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir reklam var. Bir halat\u0131n ucuna tutturulmu\u015f yuvarlak bir pim, bir otomobilin ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu halat\u0131n ucundaki di\u011fer pime japon ile yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor ve bir vin\u00e7 ile kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yordu. San\u0131r\u0131m bizde \u00e7\u0131kan ilk versiyon Japon marka oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in ad\u0131 da \u00f6yle kald\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Piyasada genellikle iki t\u00fcre rastlars\u0131n\u0131z. Tek sat\u0131lanlar genellikle su gibi ince ve ak\u0131\u015fkand\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle ince \u00e7atlaklar\u0131n yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda \u00e7ok idealdir. Derinlere kadar h\u0131zla ve kolayca s\u0131zar. Allah&#8217;\u0131m iyi ki var diye dua eder insan J Ancak bu durum zaman zaman temizlikte s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar yaratabilir. Babam\u0131n baz\u0131 hidrolik i\u015flerinde s\u0131zd\u0131rmazl\u0131k i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rl\u0131yorum. Ayr\u0131ca parmaklar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 birbirine ya da par\u00e7aya yap\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f bulabilirsiniz! Nerden biliyorsun derseniz, bir keresinde parmaklar\u0131m\u0131 tekneye yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. S\u00f6kene kadar epey u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131m. Asl\u0131nda bunun da bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc var. CA yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar kopma ya da \u00e7ekme y\u00f6n\u00fcnde (t\u0131pk\u0131 anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131m reklamdaki araban\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 gibi) \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen kesme kuvveti (shear force, fizikten anl\u0131yormu\u015fum gibi olsun \ud83d\ude42 ) y\u00f6n\u00fcnde k\u0131r\u0131lgand\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla yap\u0131\u015fan parma\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7ekerek ay\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak yerine nemlendirerek yava\u015f yava\u015f birbirine s\u00fcrter gibi oynat\u0131rsan\u0131z parma\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 kurtarabilirsiniz.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Di\u011feri japon t\u00fcr\u00fc h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 denilen bir sprey ile birlikte sat\u0131l\u0131r. Daha koyu bir k\u0131vamdad\u0131r. Yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacak y\u00fczeylerden birine yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr di\u011ferinde ise az miktarda sprey s\u0131k\u0131l\u0131r. Yap\u0131\u015fma saniyeler i\u00e7inde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. Doldurucu \u00f6zelli\u011fi vard\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Sprey ile kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda birka\u00e7 noktaya dikkat etmek gerekir. E\u011fer yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 kal\u0131n bir tabaka halinde s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr ise di\u011fer y\u00fczeye temas etti\u011finde h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 sebebiyle hemen kurumaya ba\u015flar. Yani yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczeyi h\u0131zla dondu\u011fu i\u00e7in g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrde par\u00e7a yap\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f gibi dursa da zay\u0131f kal\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca do\u011fru yap\u0131lsa bile sprey, yap\u0131\u015fma g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc bir miktar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr. Spreyin bir ba\u015fka dezavantaj\u0131 da h\u0131zl\u0131 k\u00fcrle\u015fme s\u0131ras\u0131nda k\u00f6p\u00fcrmesi ve ekte beyaz k\u00f6p\u00fckler b\u0131rakabilmesidir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0130kinci problem ise h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 spreyin, yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131y\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sertle\u015ftirerek k\u0131r\u0131lganla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bir \u00e7ok ki\u015fi par\u00e7alar\u0131 yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131ktan sonra spreyi etraf\u0131na s\u0131kar. Bu da bir nevi i\u015fkence g\u00f6revi g\u00f6rerek par\u00e7alar\u0131n yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 kuruyana kadar bir arada kalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Ben zaman zaman tarak e\u015fi\u011fi koyu k\u0131vaml\u0131 olan japon ile yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yorum. Bolca yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fckten sonra e\u015fi\u011fi yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131raca\u011f\u0131m y\u00fczeye s\u00fcrtmeye ba\u015fl\u0131yorum. Bu, yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn y\u00fczeye da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve incelmesini sa\u011fl\u0131yor. Ayr\u0131ca bir vakum etkisi yarat\u0131yor. \u00c7ok k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcrede par\u00e7an\u0131n giderek tutunuyor ve hi\u00e7 i\u015fkence kullanmadan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir yap\u0131\u015fma sa\u011flan\u0131yor. (Rub joint) Ayn\u0131 y\u00f6ntem deri\/kemik tutkal ve titebon i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131labilir. (Ek not: Art\u0131k bundan vazge\u00e7tim \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir iki saz\u0131mda tarak e\u015fik yerinden ayr\u0131ld\u0131. Art\u0131k titebond kullan\u0131yorum)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Japon, s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fckten sonra \u00f6zellikle bol kullan\u0131ld\u0131 ise tahta ile kimyasal bir reaksiyona girerek k\u00f6t\u00fc bir duman \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r. Bu duman hem g\u00f6zler hem de ci\u011ferler i\u00e7in \u00e7ok zararl\u0131 ve rahats\u0131z edicidir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Japon ayr\u0131ca s\u00fcsleme ama\u00e7l\u0131 i\u015flerde, kaplama ve filatolarda b\u00fcy\u00fck kolayl\u0131klar sa\u011flar. At\u00f6lyede en s\u0131k kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 olsa da k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck tamirler ve bazen tarak e\u015fiklerin yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda enstr\u00fcman\u0131n ana par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n birle\u015ftirilmesinde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 bana pek do\u011fru gelmiyor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-805\" src=\"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_154108b.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"318\" height=\"450\" \/><\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong>Epoksi<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>Epoksi, muhtemelen di\u011ferleri aras\u0131nda en y\u00fcksek \u00e7ekme g\u00fcc\u00fcne ve s\u0131cakl\u0131k mukavemetine sahip yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131. Re\u00e7ine ve sertle\u015ftirici olarak iki ayr\u0131 t\u00fcpte sat\u0131l\u0131r. Bazen de ikili bir \u015f\u0131r\u0131nga gibi olanlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rebilirsiniz. Bu iki k\u0131s\u0131m e\u015fit oranda s\u0131k\u0131larak iyice kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Yani kimyasal tepkime ile kurur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Epoksi belli baz\u0131 malzemeler hari\u00e7 metal dahil pek \u00e7ok malzemeye tutunabilir. Kuruduktan sonra olduk\u00e7a sert bir plastik halini al\u0131r. Bu bak\u0131mdan dolgu i\u015fleri i\u00e7in de idealdir. Baz\u0131 yap\u0131mc\u0131lar sap\u0131n yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda kullanmaktad\u0131rlar. PVA ve deri tutkaldan daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olsa da, s\u00f6k\u00fclebilir de\u011fildir. Bu bak\u0131mdan ben belli baz\u0131 tamirler hari\u00e7 epoksiyi \u00e7ok kullanm\u0131yorum.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Baz\u0131 gitar yap\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 \u00f6zellikle tu\u015fu yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken epoksiyi tercih ederler. Hem deri tutkal hem de PVA tutkallar su bazl\u0131 olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in sap\u0131n ve\/veya tu\u015fun \u015fi\u015ferek e\u011frilmesine yol a\u00e7abilir. Ancak epokside b\u00f6yle bir sorun yoktur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Bu asl\u0131nda benim de \u00f6zellikle O\u011fur saz\u0131 yaparken g\u00f6zledi\u011fim bir sorun. Kemik tutkal\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fczde, tu\u015f hem enine hem de boyuna ters y\u00f6nde \u015fi\u015febilir. Bu da ekin kenarlardan a\u00e7\u0131k kalmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir. Bu bak\u0131mdan ben tutkal\u0131 as\u0131l olarak, \u00e7ok daha kal\u0131n oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in fazla \u015fi\u015fme tehlikesi olmayan sapa s\u00fcr\u00fcyorum. Daha sonra da alt tu\u015fun y\u00fczeyini \u00e7ok az miktar tutkallayarak yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yorum.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Ah\u015fab\u0131n makta\u0131 (end grain yani kesit. A\u011fa\u00e7 damarlar\u0131n\u0131n dik geldi\u011fi kenar) yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmada en k\u00f6t\u00fc olan k\u0131s\u0131md\u0131r. Bu k\u0131sm\u0131 bir demet pipet gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn. A\u011fa\u00e7, t\u00fcm besinleri ve suyu bu pipet gibi damarlar yoluyla yukar\u0131 iletir. Buraya tutkal s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fczde tutkal\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131 bu damarlar taraf\u0131nda emilir. Ayn\u0131 sebepler bu k\u0131s\u0131mlar verni\u011fi de bolca \u00e7eker. Hi\u00e7bir zaman suyuna yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmadaki kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olmazsa da bu tip bir yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131lacak ise epoksi en ideal yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Epoksi ayr\u0131ca di\u011fer tutkallara g\u00f6re pahal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-806\" src=\"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/588215c40156a-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" \/><\/p>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><strong>Poli\u00fcretan tutkal<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>Poli\u00fcretan yahut piyasadaki ad\u0131yla deniz tutkal\u0131, t\u0131pk\u0131 poli\u00fcretan k\u00f6p\u00fck gibi kuruma esnas\u0131nda k\u00f6p\u00fck halinde \u015fi\u015fer. Bir \u00e7ok kimse iyi al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmayan y\u00fczeylerin de bu tutkal ile yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr. Oysa \u015fi\u015fen tutkal k\u00f6p\u00fck halindedir. Yani bo\u015fluklar\u0131 doldursa da yap\u0131\u015fma sa\u011flamaz. O y\u00fczden t\u0131pk\u0131 di\u011fer tutkallardaki gibi y\u00fczeylerin birbirine iyi al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gereklidir. Bo\u015fluk doldurma a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan epoksi \u00e7ok daha iyi bir se\u00e7enektir.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-806\" src=\"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/588215c40156a.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"394\" height=\"394\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Ah\u015fap d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda plastik, metal ve kuma\u015fa da yap\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Eldivensiz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6neririm \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc her yeri yap\u0131\u015f yap\u0131\u015f yapar. Ta\u015fan tutkal kuruduktan sonra maket b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 yahut \u0131skarpela ile kesilerek temizlenebilir. Neme diren\u00e7lidir o sebeple a\u00e7\u0131k hava mobilyalar\u0131 i\u00e7in ideal olabilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Bu tutkal, nem ile k\u00fcrle\u015fir. O sebeple tutkal s\u00fcr\u00fclmeden \u00f6nce y\u00fczeyler hafif\u00e7e nemlendirilmelidir. At\u00f6lyede bekletilen tutkal, ortam nemini \u00e7ekerse k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede kullan\u0131lamaz hale gelebilir. PVA&#8217;n\u0131n aksine ah\u015fap taraf\u0131ndan emilmez. O sebeple makta (a\u011fac\u0131n enine kesitinde g\u00f6r\u00fclen k\u0131s\u0131m) yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmada daha iyi olabilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7as\u0131 ben \u00e7alg\u0131 yap\u0131m\u0131n hi\u00e7bir a\u015famas\u0131nda bu tutkal\u0131 kullanmad\u0131m. Gerekli oldu\u011funu da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fcyorum. \u00c7ok y\u0131llar \u00f6nce yaprak tekneli bir saz\u0131 bu tutkal ile yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. Akhisar&#8217;da bir kurs vard\u0131 ve orda gitar dersi veriyordum. Kursun sahibine gelmi\u015f saz. O da bu tutkal\u0131 duymu\u015f, bununla yap sa\u011flam olur demi\u015fti. Eh sa\u011flam olmad\u0131 da de\u011fil \ud83d\ude42<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li><strong>S\u0131cak Silikon\/mum Yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00c7alg\u0131 yap\u0131mda kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z s\u0131cak tutkal de\u011fil. S\u0131cak mum, silikon mum gibi adlarla sat\u0131l\u0131r. Bu da termoplastik bir yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r. Genellikle yuvarlak \u00e7ubuklar halinde ve \u00e7e\u015fitli kal\u0131nl\u0131klarda bulunur. S\u0131cak tutkal tabancas\u0131n\u0131n arka k\u0131sm\u0131ndan sokulur. Tabanca \u0131s\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonra tetik mekanizmas\u0131 ile \u00f6ne itilerek ucundan akmas\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r. H\u0131zl\u0131 \u015fekilde donar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Bu yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc de\u011fildir o sebeple \u00f6zellikle ge\u00e7ici olarak tutturmak yahut basit maket i\u015fleri veya y\u00fck bindirmeyen her t\u00fcrl\u00fc yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015flerinde kullan\u0131labilir. Kolay temizlenir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"6\">\n<li><strong>Hayvansal tutkallar:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-775\" src=\"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_153925.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_153925.jpg 800w, https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_153925-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_807\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-807\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-807\" src=\"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_153925-1-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-807\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Boncuk (kemik) ve deri tutkal<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>A. Boncuk\/kemik tutkal (Bone glue) ve deri tutkal (hide glue)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Hayvan deri, kemik yahut sinirlerinde bulunan jelatinden \u00fcretilen protein esasl\u0131 hayvansal k\u00f6kenli tutkallar\u0131n neredeyse 3000 y\u0131ldan beri kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Bizde yayg\u0131n oldu\u011fu gibi boncuk yahut yaprak veya \u00f6\u011f\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f \u015fekilde bulunabilir. Deriden elde edilen (hide glue), kemikten elde edilene (bone glue) g\u00f6re daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bizde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan\u0131 kemikten \u00fcretilir ve \u015fekli sebebiyle boncuk tutkal, \u0131s\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in de bazen s\u0131cak tutkal ve yahut da gl\u00fcten tutkal\u0131 olarak bilinir. Nemden ve \u0131s\u0131dan korunursa son kullanma tarihi yoktur, yani bozulmaz. Bir u\u00e7ak kazas\u0131 sonras\u0131nda bir adaya d\u00fc\u015fer ve a\u00e7 kal\u0131rsan\u0131z ve tesad\u00fcf ya u\u00e7ak kargosundan kemik tutkal \u00e7\u0131karsa yiyebilirsiniz J Yani do\u011fald\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Kemik ve deri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bal\u0131k tutkal\u0131 ve tav\u015fan derisi tutkal\u0131 gibi t\u00fcrleri vard\u0131r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da onlardan da bahsedece\u011fim.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Kemik\/deri tutkal\u0131n haz\u0131rlanma s\u00fcreci ve \u00e7ok k\u0131sa uygulama s\u00fcresi en \u00f6nemli iki dezavantaj\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7ok \u00e7abuk jelle\u015fti\u011fi i\u00e7in h\u0131zl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak gerekir. Ben yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131raca\u011f\u0131m b\u00fct\u00fcn y\u00fczeyleri \u0131s\u0131 tabancas\u0131 ile \u00f6nceden \u0131s\u0131tarak zaman kazan\u0131yorum. Tutkala belli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00fcre kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u0131s\u0131tmaya gerek olmaks\u0131z\u0131n koyu k\u0131vaml\u0131 bir s\u0131v\u0131 gibi kullan\u0131labilir. Ayr\u0131ca bu durumda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresi de uzar. Ancak \u00fcre, tutkal\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc bir miktar azalt\u0131r. Neme ve \u0131s\u0131ya daha az dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131rlar. Titebondun, Liquid Hide Glue (S\u0131v\u0131 kemik tutkal\u0131), \u00fcre kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in \u015fi\u015fesinden kullan\u0131ma haz\u0131r halde bulunur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-794\" src=\"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/article2-1-popup.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"380\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-795\" src=\"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/article2-2-popup.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"568\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/article2-2-popup.jpg 400w, https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/article2-2-popup-317x450.jpg 317w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><u>Nas\u0131l haz\u0131rlan\u0131r?<\/u><\/strong> Bire iki \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc, yani bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc tutkal iki \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc su kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Mesela bir \u00e7orba ka\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 tutkal, iki \u00e7orba ka\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 su. Daha hassas olaca\u011f\u0131m derseniz 100gr tutkal\u0131 190gr su ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rabilirsiniz. Ben tabii ki g\u00f6z karar\u0131 yap\u0131yorum J Tutkal bir \u00e7ok kimsenin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi do\u011frudan s\u0131cak suya at\u0131lmaz. Oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki suyun i\u00e7inde bir saat kadar bekletilerek, tutkal\u0131n suyu tamamen emerek \u015fi\u015fmesi sa\u011flan\u0131r. Bizde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan boncuk tutkal e\u011fer oldu\u011fu haliyle kullan\u0131lacaksa suyu \u00e7ekmesi daha uzun s\u00fcrer. Bu sebeple \u00f6nceden \u00f6\u011f\u00fct\u00fclmesi s\u00fcreci h\u0131zland\u0131racakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Tutkal do\u011frudan ate\u015fe konulmaz. Ben mari usul\u00fc denilen y\u00f6ntem kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Tutkal bir kab\u0131n i\u00e7ine konur ve bu kap, i\u00e7i su dolu ikinci bir kaba yerle\u015ftirilir. Ben genellikle k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir cam kavanoz kullan\u0131yorum.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Bir \u00e7ok yap\u0131mc\u0131n\u0131n at\u00f6lyesine gitti\u011finizde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck t\u00fcp\u00fcn \u00fcst\u00fcnde sabahtan ak\u015fama kadar kaynayan bir su ve bu suyun i\u00e7inde de tutkal\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz. Yaln\u0131z ortada bir problem var. Kemik\/deri tutkal 65-70 derecenin \u00fcst\u00fcnde kaynat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda pi\u015fer ve yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma g\u00fcc\u00fc azal\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden suyu kaynatmak \u00e7ok do\u011fru de\u011fildir. Bu sebeple termostatla kontrol edilen bir cihaz kullanmakta yarar vard\u0131r. Ben bir a\u011fda makinesi kullan\u0131yorum. Bu i\u015f i\u00e7in \u00f6zel olarak sat\u0131lan kaplar var ancak olduk\u00e7a pahal\u0131. Bendekinin termostat\u0131 g\u00fcven vermedi\u011fi i\u00e7in bir termometre ile \u0131s\u0131y\u0131 g\u00f6zl\u00fcyorum. Asl\u0131na piyasada bebek mamalar\u0131n\u0131 \u0131s\u0131tmak i\u00e7in sat\u0131lan cihazlar da bu i\u015fi i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a uygun.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-800 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-thumbnail'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_153942.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"128\" height=\"72\" src=\"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_153942.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_153942.jpg 800w, https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_153942-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 128px) 100vw, 128px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_154753.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"128\" height=\"72\" src=\"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_154753.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_154753.jpg 800w, https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_154753-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 128px) 100vw, 128px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_160409.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"128\" height=\"72\" src=\"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_160409.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_160409.jpg 800w, https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_160409-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 128px) 100vw, 128px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_160419.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"128\" height=\"72\" src=\"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_160419.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_160419.jpg 800w, https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_160419-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 128px) 100vw, 128px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_160432.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"128\" height=\"72\" src=\"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_160432.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-781\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_160432.jpg 800w, https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_160432-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 128px) 100vw, 128px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-781'>\n\t\t\t\tS\u00fcrterek yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_160440.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"128\" height=\"72\" src=\"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_160440.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_160440.jpg 800w, https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_160440-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 128px) 100vw, 128px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<ul>\n<li>Kavanozdaki tutkal tamamen eridikten sonra hemen kullan\u0131labilir. Ancak baz\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6re bir gece bekletildikten sonra kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 daha iyidir. Ayr\u0131ca yukar\u0131da bahsetti\u011fim \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131kta kaynat\u0131lan tutkallar\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fc s\u00fcrekli kabuk ba\u011flar. Bunun yerine kavanozun \u00fcst\u00fcne bir kapak koymak daha uygun olacakt\u0131r. Ben bu kapa\u011fa k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir delik delerek f\u0131r\u00e7ay\u0131 da buradan kavanozun i\u00e7ine b\u0131rak\u0131yorum.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 50 derecenin alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmeden \u00f6nce i\u015flemin tamamlanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekir. Yani h\u0131zl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak laz\u0131m. Tekne yap\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 tutkal\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fckten sonra par\u00e7alar\u0131 bir araya getirir ve \u00fcst\u00fcnde \u00fct\u00fc denilen s\u0131cak bir demir gezdirirler. B\u00f6ylece tutkal \u0131s\u0131narak erir ve yap\u0131\u015fma sa\u011flan\u0131r. Yani diyelim ki yeterince h\u0131zl\u0131 \u015fekilde davranmad\u0131n\u0131z ve tutkal jelle\u015fti. Is\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z takdirde yine erir ve yap\u0131\u015fma sa\u011flan\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle kaplama yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmada bu \u00f6zellikten yararlan\u0131l\u0131r. Tutkal s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcp kaplama y\u00fczeye konduktan sonra \u00fcst\u00fcnde \u00fct\u00fc gezdirilerek yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0130\u015finiz bittikten sonra tutkal\u0131, kavanozunun kapa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131ca kapatarak buzdolab\u0131na koyarsan\u0131z birka\u00e7 hafta saklayabilirsiniz. Bir ba\u015fka y\u00f6ntem, buzluk kab\u0131na doldurup dondurmak. \u0130htiyac\u0131n\u0131z oldu\u011funda bir tanesini al\u0131p eritip kullanabilirsiniz.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Tutkal kuruduk\u00e7a, PVA&#8217;n\u0131n aksine \u00e7ok k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede par\u00e7alar\u0131 birbirine ba\u011flayarak \u00e7eker. Okudu\u011fuma g\u00f6re elektro-kimyasal yap\u0131\u015fma sa\u011flar. Bu nedir derseniz benim bilgimi a\u015f\u0131yor. Bu \u00f6zellik de \u0130ngilizcede <em>rub joint<\/em> denilen ve herhangi bir i\u015fkence gerekmeksizin iki par\u00e7an\u0131n birbirine s\u00fcrt\u00fclmek suretiyle yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lar. Yukar\u0131da bahsetmi\u015ftim, ben ayn\u0131 y\u00f6ntemi yo\u011fun viskoziteli japon yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131da da kullan\u0131yorum.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Deri ya da kemikten yap\u0131lan tutkal, PVA gibi iki par\u00e7a aras\u0131nda g\u00f6rece kal\u0131n bir tabaka olu\u015fturmaz. Tahta taraf\u0131ndan emilir. Kaygan olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in (tacky) \u00e7ok k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede par\u00e7alar\u0131n birbirine tutunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Bo\u015fluk doldurma niteli\u011fi y\u00fcksek de\u011fildir. O y\u00fczden par\u00e7alar\u0131n birbirine \u00e7ok iyi al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekir. Dikkat edilmesi gereken bir nokta, y\u00fczeyler y\u00fcksek kum z\u0131mpara ile cam gibi yap\u0131lmamal\u0131. Y\u00fczeyin bir miktar kaba kalm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 tutkal\u0131 tutunmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan daha elveri\u015fli olacakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Hayvansal tutkallar \u0131s\u0131 ve nem ile \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilir. Bu da enstr\u00fcman\u0131n tamiri i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck avantaj sa\u011flar. Ben zaman zaman mesela sap\u0131 atm\u0131\u015f bir saz\u0131 sap\u0131n\u0131, kurta\u011fz\u0131 b\u00f6lgesini \u0131s\u0131tarak s\u00f6k\u00fcp do\u011fru a\u00e7\u0131y\u0131 verdikten sonra takt\u0131m. PVA tutkallar \u00f6zellike titebond da \u0131s\u0131t\u0131larak s\u00f6k\u00fclebilir. Hatta deri\/kemik tutkala g\u00f6re daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u0131s\u0131da (50-55 derecede) salar. S\u00f6kmek i\u00e7in nemlendirme gerekmez. Ancak bu durumda ekteki b\u00fct\u00fcn eski tutkal kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n temizlenmesi \u015fartt\u0131r. Oysa kemik\/deri tutkal, kendisine yap\u0131\u015fabilir.\u00a0 Tutkal\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fczde, y\u00fczeydeki\u00a0 mesela 500 y\u0131ll\u0131k eski tutkalla birle\u015fecektir. Ben PVA tutkalla yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir eki tamir etmek zorunda kal\u0131rsam, eski tutkal\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca temizleyip epoksi ile yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 tercih ederim. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc epoksi hemen her \u015feye tutunacakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Alkol ile de tutkal\u0131 s\u00f6kmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ancak bu farkl\u0131 bir mekanizmad\u0131r. Alkol, kemik\/deri tutkal\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmez. Kemik\/deri tutkal t\u0131pk\u0131 ah\u015fap gibi nem \u00e7eker. Ancak yine t\u0131pk\u0131 ah\u015fap gibi i\u00e7inde bu bulundu\u011fu ortamdaki g\u00f6rece rutubet oran\u0131nda nem bulunur. Alkol, kuru tutkaldaki bu nemin at\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar yani tutkal\u0131 daha kurutur ve \u00e7ekmesine yani iyice k\u0131r\u0131lganla\u015fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar. Ancak bu \u00e7ekme (shrink) \u00f6zellikle kapak gibi ince tahtalar i\u00e7in risk yaratabilir.<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>B. S\u0131v\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f deri tutkal (Liquid hide glue)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-808\" src=\"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/TBD-LH-237ML.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/TBD-LH-237ML.jpg 500w, https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/TBD-LH-237ML-450x450.jpg 450w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-808\" src=\"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/TBD-LH-237ML-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Yukar\u0131da anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131m gibi kemik\/deri tutkal oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda jel halde bulunur ve ancak \u0131s\u0131t\u0131larak kullan\u0131labilir. Ancak bu tutkala \u00fcre kat\u0131l\u0131rsa, tutkal s\u0131v\u0131 halde kal\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden baz\u0131 firmalar yahut baz\u0131 yap\u0131mc\u0131lar \u00fcre ekleyerek oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kullan\u0131labilir tutkal \u00fcretirler. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresi 20-30 dakika kadard\u0131r. Bu tutkal\u0131n raf \u00f6mr\u00fc k\u0131sad\u0131r ve \u00fcre sebebiyle normal tutkal kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc de\u011fildir. Kuruma s\u00fcresi daha uzundur. Yine de bir \u00e7ok tamirat i\u015flerinde \u00f6zellikle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresinin uzunlu\u011fu sebebiyle kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 olabilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>C. Bal\u0131k tutkal\u0131 (fish glue)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-784\" src=\"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_160710-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Bal\u0131k tutkal\u0131, kemik\/deri tutkal\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerini ta\u015f\u0131r. Kurudu\u011funda kristalle\u015fir. Ancak oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda s\u0131v\u0131 halde bulunur yani \u0131s\u0131tmak gerekli de\u011fildir. 30 dakika gibi uzun bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresi vard\u0131r. Buzdolab\u0131nda saklan\u0131rsa bozulmaz. Kullan\u0131lmak istendi\u011finde bir miktar al\u0131narak oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na gelene kadar bekletilmeli ve o \u015fekilde kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-784\" src=\"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/20170205_160710-e1610223236600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"800\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>High tack denilen bir \u00f6zelli\u011fe sahiptir. Yani PVAlar\u0131n aksine kaygan de\u011fildir ve par\u00e7alar\u0131n bir araya getirildikten \u00e7ok k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra tutunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Ben sap kenar\u0131na koydu\u011fumuz \u00e7\u0131talar\u0131 bazen bu tutkal ile yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yorum \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc deri\/kemik tutkal\u0131n aksine olduk\u00e7a uzun bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresi var. Ayr\u0131ca kapak yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in de zaman zaman hi\u00e7bir sorun ya\u015famadan kulland\u0131m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Ancak hidroskopik \u00f6zelliktedir. Yani kemik tutkala g\u00f6re daha h\u0131zl\u0131 nem \u00e7eker. Yani nemin fazla oldu\u011fu hallerde, fazla \u0131s\u0131 olmasa bile ekler salabilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>D. Tav\u015fan derisi tutkal\u0131 (Rabbit skin glue)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Tav\u015fan derisi tutkal\u0131, di\u011fer hayvansal tutkallar\u0131n aksine kurudu\u011funda daha esnektir. Daha \u00e7ok ressamlar taraf\u0131ndan tuvalin aharlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r Ben hi\u00e7 kullanmad\u0131m ve ah\u015fap i\u015flerinde kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duymad\u0131m. Sadece k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir bilgi olmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan buraya yazd\u0131m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"7\">\n<li><strong>Kontak yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>Kontak yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar (k\u00f6t\u00fc \u015f\u00f6hretli Bally ve Derby) deri, ka\u011f\u0131t, plastik, ah\u015fap kaplama gibi malzemeleri yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Esnektir. Eskiden bir d\u00f6nem sap kaplamalar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak \u00e7alg\u0131larda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 do\u011fru de\u011fildir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Bu yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6nce her iki y\u00fczeye birden s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Daha sonra 15-20 dakika kadar beklenerek kurumas\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r. Ard\u0131ndan iki y\u00fczey arada bo\u015fluk ve hava kalmayacak \u015fekilde bir araya getirilir. Ayakkab\u0131 tamircileri \u00e7eki\u00e7ler mesela. Ad\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnde kontak yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131, y\u00fczeylerin temas\u0131 ile yap\u0131\u015fma sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ipu\u00e7lar\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacak y\u00fczeylerin birbirine \u00e7ok iyi al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekir. Bir \u00e7ok kimse i\u015fkence ile s\u0131karak tam oturmayan par\u00e7alar\u0131 bir araya getirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Oysa a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kuvvet uygulamak gereksizdir. Y\u00fczey bozukluklar\u0131 ve par\u00e7alar aras\u0131ndaki bo\u015fluklar, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir yap\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 engeller.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Par\u00e7alar haz\u0131rland\u0131ktan sonra hemen tutkal s\u00fcr\u00fcp i\u015fleme ba\u015flamay\u0131n. \u00d6nce tutkals\u0131z olarak par\u00e7alar\u0131 birle\u015ftirip s\u0131k\u0131n (dry fit). Bu, ka\u00e7 tane i\u015fkence laz\u0131m oldu\u011funu, par\u00e7alar\u0131n bir araya gelip gelmedi\u011fini, kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z i\u015fkencelerin uygun olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterecektir. Ayr\u0131ca \u00f6zellikle PVA tutkal kullan\u0131lan durumlarda par\u00e7alar\u0131n kayganla\u015faca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in i\u015fkenceyi s\u0131kt\u0131k\u00e7a yerinden oynayabilece\u011fini unutmay\u0131n. Bu durumlarda az bir miktar sofra tuzunu tutkal s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz y\u00fczeye sepeleyebilirsiniz.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ne kadar yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 s\u00fcrmeli?<\/strong> \u00c7ok s\u00fcrmenin bir ka\u00e7 s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 olabilir. Birincisi israf etmi\u015f olursunuz. \u0130kincisi ta\u015fan tutkal\u0131 temizlemek her zaman kolay olmayabilir. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc \u00f6zellikle PVA tutkallar i\u00e7in (ama deri tutkal i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erli bu durum) y\u00fczeyler kal\u0131n tutkal tabakas\u0131 sebebiyle fazlaca kayganla\u015f\u0131r. Do\u011fru tutkal miktar\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in birka\u00e7 \u015feye dikkat edebilirsiniz. Y\u00fczeylerden birinin, ortada fazla kenarlarda daha az olacak \u015fekilde tutkalla kaplanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 mesela. B\u00f6ylece fazla ta\u015fma olmaz. Yahut tutkal\u0131n alt\u0131nda malzemenin g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr olmas\u0131 (kal\u0131n tabakada y\u00fczey g\u00f6r\u00fclmez olur). Ben genellikle eksik kalmaktansa fazla s\u00fcrmeyi tercih ediyorum. Par\u00e7alar\u0131 s\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda ek yeri boyunca tutkal az bir miktar ta\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u00e7in i\u015fkencelere ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z olacak. Ba\u015fka bir konu ama akla hemen gelen \u00fc\u00e7 tip metodu yazay\u0131m. Bildi\u011fimiz klasik F tip i\u015fkenceler en yayg\u0131n kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z. Plastik yahut metal k\u0131ska\u00e7 \u015feklinde olanlar \u00f6zellikle k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck i\u015flerde \u00e7ok pratiktir. Ben bunlar\u0131n farkl\u0131 boylar\u0131n\u0131 bulunduruyorum. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc de bant. \u00c7alg\u0131 yap\u0131mc\u0131lar, \u00f6zellikle ka\u011f\u0131t bant\u0131 bir \u00e7ok yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015finde kullan\u0131rlar. Gayet yeterli bir s\u0131kma sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Her zaman olmasa da baz\u0131 keman\u0131n s\u0131rt ve kapa\u011f\u0131 gibi iki par\u00e7al\u0131 yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmalarda rub joint yani s\u00fcrterek yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma denilen bir y\u00f6ntemle hi\u00e7 i\u015fkence kullanmadan par\u00e7alar yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir. Bunun i\u00e7in en uygun tutkal kemik\/deri tutkald\u0131r ancak titebondla da m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ben koyu k\u0131vaml\u0131 japonda da kullan\u0131yorum. Bunun i\u00e7in par\u00e7alara tutkal s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fckten sonra iki par\u00e7a birbirine bast\u0131r\u0131larak ileri geri s\u00fcrt\u00fclmeye ba\u015flar. Ek i\u00e7indeki fazla tutkal bu \u015fekilde d\u0131\u015far\u0131 at\u0131l\u0131r ve ayr\u0131ca bir vantuz etkisi olu\u015fur. S\u00fcrtme giderek zorla\u015f\u0131r ve bir s\u00fcre sonra da kesilir. O noktada par\u00e7alar tutunmu\u015ftur ve o \u015fekilde kurumaya b\u0131rak\u0131labilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0130\u015fkence ve kuruma s\u00fcresi nedir? <\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>PVA tutkallar i\u00e7in hava s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, y\u00fck binmeyen eklerde minimum 30 dakika, kemik\/deri tutkallar i\u00e7in yine s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak 60 dakika. Ancak mecbur kalmad\u0131k\u00e7a en az birka\u00e7 saat beklemeden i\u015fkenceyi s\u00f6kmemekte fayda vard\u0131r. E\u011fer ek \u00fcst\u00fcnde y\u00fck varsa, i\u015fkenceyi s\u00f6kmeden \u00f6nce bir g\u00fcn beklemek gereklidir. Epoksi i\u00e7in bu s\u00fcre kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z epoksi t\u00fcr\u00fcne g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fmekle birlikte en yayg\u0131n olan 5 dakikal\u0131k epoksiler i\u00e7in en az 10 dakika beklemek iyi olur. CA yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar hari\u00e7 bir \u00e7ok tutkal\u0131n tam kuruma i\u00e7in bir gece bekletilmesi genel bir kural. Ben, e\u011fer i\u015flenecek par\u00e7a \u00fcst\u00fcnde i\u015flem yapmam gerekiyorsa 1-2 saat bekledikten sonra i\u015fkenceleri s\u00f6k\u00fcp eke y\u00fck bindirmemeye dikkat ederek (ki y\u00fck de binse iyi yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir ek kolay kolay salmaz) par\u00e7a \u00fcst\u00fcnde i\u015flem yapar\u0131m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Tutkal\u0131 nas\u0131l temizlerim?<\/strong> Kurumadan \u00f6nce PVA ve kemik\/deri tutkallar nemli bir bez ile silinebilir. Kuruduktan sonra z\u0131mpara ve\/veya sistre ile. Kaba k\u0131sm\u0131 sistre ile temizlemek z\u0131mparadan tasarruf etmeyi sa\u011flar ve i\u015fi h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Par\u00e7alar\u0131 s\u00f6kmek istersem ne yapmal\u0131y\u0131m? <\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Japon ile yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lanlarda kesme y\u00f6n\u00fcnde birka\u00e7 darbe ile olduk\u00e7a temiz bi\u00e7imde ayr\u0131labilir. Aseton, japon yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131y\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zer. Yani hem elinizi temizlemek hem de par\u00e7a s\u00f6kmek i\u00e7in aseton yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir.<\/li>\n<li>PVA tutkallar \u00f6zellikle titebond, 57 derece civar\u0131nda yumu\u015far ve salmaya ba\u015flar. \u0130nce bir spatula ile acele etmeden ve malzemeyi a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0131s\u0131tmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131narak s\u00f6kmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Titebondu yap\u0131mc\u0131lar aras\u0131nda pop\u00fcler k\u0131lan \u00f6zelliklerden biri de s\u00f6k\u00fclebilir olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Kemik\/deri tutkal da \u0131s\u0131 ve nem ile yumu\u015fat\u0131larak s\u00f6k\u00fclebilir. 62 derece civar\u0131nda salmaya ba\u015flar ki titebonddan daha y\u00fcksek bir derece. Ayr\u0131ca kurudu\u011funda kristalle\u015fti\u011fi yani k\u0131r\u0131lganla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in yine ince bir spatula ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck darbeler ile s\u00f6k\u00fclebilir. Elbette her bir farkl\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131 tipi i\u00e7in s\u00f6kme y\u00f6ntemi de farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterebilir.<\/li>\n<li>Tutkallar s\u0131cakta sald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in s\u0131cak bir yaz g\u00fcn\u00fc araban\u0131n bagaj\u0131nda b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z saz\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fczde sap\u0131-kapa\u011f\u0131 ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u015fekilde bulabilirsiniz! Enstr\u00fcman\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 \u0131s\u0131 ve nemdir. Ayr\u0131ca \u0131s\u0131 ve nemdeki ani de\u011fi\u015fmeler saz\u0131 \u00e7ok etkiler.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Her t\u00fcr tahtay\u0131 yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fcd\u00fcr?<\/strong> Evet ancak PVA kullan\u0131lacak ise pelesenk, cocobolo, tik gibi baz\u0131 egzotik ya\u011fl\u0131 a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmadan \u00f6nce malzemenin aseton ile silinerek y\u00fczeydeki ya\u011f\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekir.\u00a0 Bu tip tahtalar\u0131n yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda epoksi de\u00a0 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir. Ben pelesenk s\u0131k\u00e7a kullan\u0131yorum ve deri tutkal ile herhangi bir sorun ya\u015famadan yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yorum.<\/li>\n<li>10 derecenin alt\u0131ndaki s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmadan ka\u00e7\u0131nmak ta fayda vard\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Akustik a\u00e7\u0131dan hangisi daha \u00fcst\u00fcn?<\/strong> Bir \u00e7ok yap\u0131mc\u0131ya g\u00f6re deri tutkal\u0131. PVA tutkallar kuruduktan sonra bile belli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yumu\u015fak bir plastik tabaka gibi kal\u0131rlar. Oysa kemik\/deri tutkal kurudu\u011funda kristalle\u015fir; neredeyse cam gibidir. Ayr\u0131ca \u00e7ok daha ince bir tabaka halindedir. Bu, en az\u0131ndan teorik olarak yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan par\u00e7alar\u0131n daha iyi b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fmesini ve tonun daha iyi iletilmesini sa\u011flar. Yaln\u0131z Titebond da kurudu\u011funda olduk\u00e7a sertle\u015fiyor. Yani b\u00fcy\u00fck bir fark oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fcyorum.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Ancak bu farkl\u0131l\u0131k ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcdedir bilmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin tamamen deri tutkal kullan\u0131larak yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir enstr\u00fcman\u0131, sihirli bir \u015fekilde bir anda titebond ile yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir hale soksa idik nas\u0131l bir fark duyard\u0131k? Ki\u015fisel olarak fark edilir d\u00fczeyde bir fark olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmesem de deri tutkal bana her zaman daha g\u00fcven verici geliyor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bu yaz\u0131da bildi\u011fim kadar\u0131 ile ah\u015fap i\u015flerinde kullan\u0131lan \u00e7e\u015fitli yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar ve \u00f6zelliklerinden bahsedece\u011fim. \u00c7alg\u0131 yap\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan en yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan tutkal kemik\/deri (ya da hayvansal) tutkal, bizde beyaz tutkal olarak bilinen PVA ve \u00f6zellikle gitar yap\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131k\u00e7a kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 Titebond, yine bizde Japon diye bilinen siyanoakrilat yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131, ve epoksi. Tutkal meselesi yap\u0131mc\u0131lar aras\u0131nda tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Daha do\u011frusu herkesin [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1000002,"featured_media":814,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-800","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general","category-calgi-yapim"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/800","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1000002"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=800"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/800\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/814"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=800"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=800"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/engintopuzkanamis.com\/atolyede\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=800"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}